簡單來說，能區(qū)分兩個物質(zhì)酸堿性強弱的叫做區(qū)分溶劑，否則就叫做拉平溶劑。題目中說的氫氧化鈉和氫氧化鉀同時溶解在水中，都會完全電離，這就是說二者被水這個溶劑拉平了，而表現(xiàn)出了相同的堿性。如果采用乙醇或液氨等作為溶劑，即可區(qū)分出二者堿性的強弱。
In short, the solvent that can distinguish the acidity and alkalinity of two substances is called distinguishing solvent, otherwise it is called flattening solvent. The sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide mentioned in the title will be completely ionized when they are dissolved in water at the same time, that is to say, they are leveled by the solvent of water and show the same alkalinity. If ethanol or liquid ammonia are used as solvents, the alkalinity of the two can be distinguished.
為了方便理解，你可以認為這里酸堿性的強弱指的是給出H+和OH-的能力，但是水接受這兩個離子的能力是有上限的，180斤和200斤的胖子站在只能量到150斤的秤上，是比較不出誰更重的。
In order to facilitate understanding, you can think that the strength of acidity and alkalinity here refers to the ability to give H + and oh -, but there is an upper limit on the ability of water to accept these two ions. A fat man of 180 kg and 200 kg can't compare who is heavier when standing on a scale with an energy of only 150 kg.
堿的堿性強弱與溶液的堿性強弱這兩個概念是不同的。應該是堿的堿性強弱比較。堿的堿性強弱與堿的電離程度有關(guān)，對于氫氧化鈉和氫氧化鉀這兩種完全電離的強堿來說，由金屬活潑性來判斷，從這個角度，氫氧化鉀比氫氧化鈉的堿性強。而溶液的堿性強弱是由氫氧根離子濃度大小決定的，氫氧根離子濃度越大堿性越強，摩爾濃度相同的氫氧化鈉溶液與氫氧化鉀溶液的堿性是相同的。

The alkalinity of alkali is different from that of solution. It should be the alkalinity of alkali. The alkalinity of alkali is related to the ionization degree of alkali. For two fully ionized strong bases, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, it is judged by the metal activity. From this point of view, potassium hydroxide is more alkaline than sodium hydroxide. The alkalinity of the solution is determined by the concentration of hydroxyl ion. The greater the concentration of hydroxyl ion, the stronger the alkalinity. The alkalinity of sodium hydroxide solution with the same molar concentration is the same as that of potassium hydroxide solution.
氫氧化鉀和氫氧化鈉的區(qū)別
Difference between potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide
氫氧化鉀是以氯化鉀水溶液進行電解，而氫氧化鈉則是以氯化鈉水溶液進行電解，二者只是原料不同（一個是KCl,一個是NaCl),和產(chǎn)品不同（一個是KOH，一個是NaOH),相同的是都要經(jīng)過鹽水精制、電解等工序，且電解槽的結(jié)構(gòu)都基本一樣，當然許多細節(jié)肯定有差異的。
Potassium hydroxide is electrolyzed with potassium chloride aqueous solution, while sodium hydroxide is electrolyzed with sodium chloride aqueous solution. They are only different in raw materials (one is KCl and the other is NaCl) and products (one is KOH and the other is NaOH). The same thing is that they all go through brine refining, electrolysis and other processes, and the structure of the electrolytic cell is basically the same. Of course, many details must be different.
氫氧化鉀的摩爾質(zhì)量大于氫氧化鈉的摩爾質(zhì)量；
The molar mass of potassium hydroxide is greater than that of sodium hydroxide;
當兩者的物質(zhì)的量濃度相同時，溶液的堿性相同；
When the amount and concentration of the two substances are the same, the alkalinity of the solution is the same;
氫氧化鉀圖片
Potassium hydroxide picture
當兩者的溶液質(zhì)量分數(shù)相同時，氫氧化鈉溶液的堿性大于氫氧化鉀的堿性；
When the mass fraction of both solutions is the same, the alkalinity of sodium hydroxide solution is greater than that of potassium hydroxide;
氫氧化鉀的價格大于氫氧化鈉，但配置相同堿性溶液時，需要氫氧化鉀的的質(zhì)量要大一些。
The price of potassium hydroxide is higher than that of sodium hydroxide, but the quality of potassium hydroxide is higher when configuring the same alkaline solution.
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